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Facile Preparation of Copper and Tin Oxide Nanoparticles as Efficient Adsorbent of Heavy Metals from Wastewater
Ahmed Elsayed Abdelaal,
Mohamed Abdel-Motaleb,
Marwa Farouk El Kady,
Abdel-Rahman Mustafa Hamed
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
1-7
Received:
2 February 2021
Accepted:
19 February 2021
Published:
9 March 2021
Abstract: Heavy metal removal from waste water is essential to solve the global water crises. Transition metal oxide nanoparticles are promising candidates for these applications. Herein, Copper oxide and Tin oxide nanoparticles have been prepared via Facile and economic perception method starting from commercial precursors. The obtained nanoparticles were in flack-like shape and spherical shape for Copper oxide and Tin oxide nanoparticles, respectively. All prepared nanoparticles are in crystalline phases, where the prepared Copper oxide and Tin oxide nanoparticles were in monoclinic and tetragonal crystalline phases, respectively. The crystal size of Copper oxide and Tin oxide nanoparticles were 12 nm and 13 nm respectively. Cd and Pb ions were removed from wastewater by the obtained Copper oxide and Tin oxide nanoparticles. The adsorption processes were studied under various parameters, such as; contact time and pH values. The highest removal uptake was about ~99% of Pb ions were recorded for Copper oxide nanoparticles. This uptake process carried out after 30 min in a neutral medium (pH 7). While, Tin oxide nanoparticles removed about ~94% at the same conditions. On the other hand, Copper oxide nanoparticles removed about ~ 57% from Cd ions. This uptake process carried out after 30 min in a partially acidic medium (pH 6). While, Tin oxide nanoparticles removed about ~54% at the same conditions. Finally, it is highly recommended to use Copper oxide and Tin oxide nanoparticles as promising adsorbents for heavy metal removal applications.
Abstract: Heavy metal removal from waste water is essential to solve the global water crises. Transition metal oxide nanoparticles are promising candidates for these applications. Herein, Copper oxide and Tin oxide nanoparticles have been prepared via Facile and economic perception method starting from commercial precursors. The obtained nanoparticles were i...
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Review on Reproductive and Productive Performance of Dairy Cow in Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
8-12
Received:
6 January 2021
Accepted:
18 February 2021
Published:
10 March 2021
Abstract: Ethiopia has largest livestock population in Africa. Despite the largest cattle population, its productive and reproductive performance is very low productivity is relationship between inputs and outputs. The information about reproductive and productive performance in Ethiopia is limited for smallholder. Therefore; the objective of this review paper was to highlight the overall aspects of reproductive and productive performance parameters under Ethiopian condition. Reproductive performance is a trait of outstanding importance in dairy cow enterprises. The production of milk depends heavily on reproductive activity. Reproductive performance traits include number of service per-conception (NSC), calving interval (CI) and days open (DO). Productive performance traits include lactation length (LL), lactation yield (LY) and daily milk yield (DMY) are important criteria for profitable dairy farming. In Ethiopia, crossbred dairy cattle mainly are crosses of zebu with Holstein-Friesian and the mean reproductive performance like CI and productive performance like LL were near to the optimum. The mean values of reproductive and productive traits lower in case of indigenous breed than Friesian and their crosses. However, information is limited about the reproductive and productive performance of dairy cows in smallholder, urban and peri-urban dairy farms in the tropics, particularly in Ethiopia. With efficient management of cows, it is possible to improve performance traits. It is concluded that by improving genetic makeup of dairy cow it is possible to improve the reproductive and productive performance of dairy cattle in Ethiopia.
Abstract: Ethiopia has largest livestock population in Africa. Despite the largest cattle population, its productive and reproductive performance is very low productivity is relationship between inputs and outputs. The information about reproductive and productive performance in Ethiopia is limited for smallholder. Therefore; the objective of this review pap...
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Review on Phenotypic Characterization and Breeding Practice of Indigenous Chicken Populations in Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
13-18
Received:
23 December 2020
Accepted:
10 February 2021
Published:
12 March 2021
Abstract: The review was conducted to Phenotypic Characterization and breeding practice of Indigenous Chicken Populations in Ethiopia. Concerned with breeding practice of producers of indigenous chicken were practiced for improved their chicken productivity through cross breeding and pure breeding methods. Indigenous chickens don’t have phenotypic standards and their classification is given based on colours and name of place where they are characterized. Still those local chickens are non-descriptive type and show variations in body position, plumage colour, comb type, their adaptation and productivity. Scavenging production systems is the dominant management practices of chicken with small feed supplementation. High incidence of chicken diseases, mainly (NCD) is the major economically important constraints for village chicken production systems followed by feed shortage and predators in the country. Since local chickens have good potential to adapt in different agro-ecology and make available well-appointed source of family protein and income for rural people. Indigenous breeds of chickens are playing an important role in rural economies in most of the developing countries. They play a major role for the rural poor people with respect to their subsidiary income and provide them with nutritious of chicken egg and meat for their own consumption. The present review was made to document the importance of indigenous chicken characterizations and breeding Practices in Ethiopia for rural economy and its improvement with respect to performance.
Abstract: The review was conducted to Phenotypic Characterization and breeding practice of Indigenous Chicken Populations in Ethiopia. Concerned with breeding practice of producers of indigenous chicken were practiced for improved their chicken productivity through cross breeding and pure breeding methods. Indigenous chickens don’t have phenotypic standards ...
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Evaluation of the Ameliorative Roles of Vitamins A, C and E on Aspartate Amino Transferase in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Fingerlings Exposed to Camium Chloride
Samuel Patrick Ozovehe,
Arimoro Francis Ofurum,
Ayanwale Adesola Victoria,
Mohammad Hadiza Lami
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
19-28
Received:
8 February 2021
Accepted:
23 February 2021
Published:
30 March 2021
Abstract: The anthropogenic activities culminating in environmental pollution usually lead to release of plethora of pollutants such as cadmium calls for concern. The effects of CdCl2 on the production of aspartate amino transferase (AST) in C. gariepinus and how they can be ameliorated through administration of vitamins were investigated. C. gariepinus fingerlings (whose initial weight ranged from 3-11g) were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Cd (00, 12mg/L, 16mg/L, 20mg/L and 24mg/L) with replicate in each case. In each case, 12mg/L of the vitamin was administered across all buds. Fresh concentrations of both toxicant and vitamins were administered every 72 hours for a period of 12 weeks every time the water medium was changed. The various treatments group include Cd only, CdVA, CdVC and CdVE. 3 samples of the fish were randomly selected and sacrificed from each aquarium tank every 2 weeks of the exposure period. The gills, kidneys and liver were excised from these specimens and homogenized in sodium phosphate buffer. From the results: in Cd only, the highest AST produced in the liver was 135.00±0.18nM/mg in T1. The highest AST produced in the kidneys of the fish was 145.00±0.18nM/mg in T3. The highest AST produced in the gill was 137.97±0.09nM/mg in T1. In CDVA samples, the highest AST produced in the liver was 132.19±0.18nM/mg in T4. The highest AST produced in the kidneys was 113.91±0.09nM/mg in T1. In the gills, the highest AST value was 120.94±0.36nM/mg in T1. In the samples exposed to CdVC, the highest AST produced in the liver was 128.44±0.36nM/mg in T1. The highest mean value of AST produced in the kidneys was 114.84±0.09nM/mg in T3. In the gills of the samples, the highest AST value was 125.16±0.27nM/mg in T2. In CdVE samples, the highest AST produced in the liver was 150.63±0.18nM/mg in T2. The kidneys’ highest AST value of 125.78±0.27nM/mg was recorded in T4. In the gills of the samples, the highest AST produced in the gills of the fish was 133.28±0.09nM/mg in T1. There were general high production levels of AST in all treatments with the highest values recorded in the liver of CdVA, CdVC and CdVE groups mostly in samples exposed to lower concentrations. The kidneys in the Cd only group however, produced the highest AST value. The high production values of AST in all treatments suggest that the enzyme is a good biomarker of oxidative stress elicited by the presence of the toxicant.
Abstract: The anthropogenic activities culminating in environmental pollution usually lead to release of plethora of pollutants such as cadmium calls for concern. The effects of CdCl2 on the production of aspartate amino transferase (AST) in C. gariepinus and how they can be ameliorated through administration of vitamins were investigated. C. gariepinus fing...
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